Aging and diabetes mellitus are 2 well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). During the past 50 years, there has been an dramatic increase in life expectancy with a simultaneous ...

Correspondence to Professor Kwong Ming Fock, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, Singapore 529889, Singapore; Kwong_ming_fock{at}cgh.com.sg ...

Cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease are highly interconnected, with declining kidney function markedly increasing cardiovascular risk. Chronic kidney disease profoundly disrupts ...