Or even when the IMF's own research shows that programmes failed or programme objectives remained "often ambiguous", it calls for more "reforms" and tighter surveillance. In the few cases when the IMF ...

Jason Hickel, Salmaan Keshavjee, Maxine Burkett and Eugene T. Richardson, “Structural adjustment: damages, reparations and pathways to non-recurrence”, BMJ Global Health, March 2026. The 1970s were a ...

Structural adjustment usually combines the following elements : devaluation of the national currency (in order to bring down the prices of exported goods and attract strong currencies), rise in ...

Is Kenya undergoing a contemporary iteration of the Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) that were implemented across Africa in the 1980s and 1990s? This question merits consideration as we observe ...

Sovereignty of a nation has essentially two perspectives, external and internal. In substance, the adoption of the structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) in May 1987 was a surrender of our external ...