How do machine learning models do what they do? And are they really “thinking” or “reasoning” the way we understand those things? This is a philosophical question as much as a practical one, but a new ...

The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI. We collected ScholarChemQA, a chemical QA dataset for answering research questions. This benchmark can be used to evaluate the ...

We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors ...