Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative condition that affects a significant proportion of older people worldwide. Synapses are points of communication between neural cells that ...

Neural representations arise from high-dimensional population activity, but current neuromodulation methods lack the precision to write information into the central nervous system at this complexity.

The structure of synaptic connectivity is central to how the brain implements neural computations. To uncover such connectivity, two-photon optogenetic stimulation has emerged as a promising ...

Two-photon microscopy captures axonal segments in a living brain, enabling researchers to quantify structural changes in specialized areas under noninvasive low-intensity repetitive transcranial ...

Design and application of living hydrogels as portable energy devices for neuron stimulation. a) 3D bioprinting of living hydrogels: schematic illustration depicting the 3D bioprinting process of ...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive, FDA-approved therapy that uses brief magnetic pulses to treat depression, particularly in patients who do not respond to medication. Yet ...