Let me begin by expressing my gratitude to the organisers of the Sixth ECB Forum on Banking Supervision – it is a pleasure to be present in Frankfurt to speak here today The theme of this year’s ...

As 2026 begins, financial markets are experiencing a pivotal period marked by rapid technological advancement and an increasing awareness of the need for regulatory frameworks to evolve in tandem with ...

Banks, insurers and financial intermediaries are not newcomers to algorithmic decision making. Credit scoring models have been in production for decades, and actuarial pricing has long relied on ...