Vacuolar ATPases (V-ATPases) are rotary, multi-subunit proton pumps that harness the energy of ATP hydrolysis to acidify intracellular compartments and, in specialised cells, the extracellular milieu.

Our research aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) inhibits plasma membrane Ca 2+-ATPase (PMCA), a crucial enzyme responsible for calcium transport. Given the pivotal ...